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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Heterakis gallinarum ： ウィキペディア英語版 Heterakis gallinarum ''Heterakis gallinarum'' is a nematode parasite that lives in the cecum of some galliform birds, particularly in ground feeders such as domestic chickens and turkeys. It causes infection that is mildly pathogenic. However it often carries a protozoan parasite ''Histomonas meleagridis'' which causes of histomoniasis, blackhead disease.〔(Merck Veterinary Manual (see table) )〕 Transmission of ''H. meleagridis'' is through the ''H. gallinarum'' egg.〔Schmidt GD & Roberts LS (2005). ''Foundations of Parasitology, 7th ed''. The McGraw Hill Companies Inc., New York, New York, p. 441. ISBN 978-0-07-111271-0〕 ''H. gallinarum'' is approximately 1–2 cm in length with sharply pointed tails and a preanal sucker. The parasite is a diecious species with marked sexual dimorphism. Males are smaller and shorter, measuring ~9 mm in length, with a unique bent tail. Females are stouter and longer, measuring ~13 mm in length, with a straight tail end.〔Permin A & Hansen JW (1998). (''The Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Control of Poultry Parasites'' ). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, pp. 29-30. ISBN 92-5-104215-2〕 ==Life cycle== ''H. gallinarum'' has a direct life cycle involving birds such as chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, grouse, guineafowl, partridges, pheasants, and quails as definitive hosts. Eggs of ''H. gallinarum'' are passed in feces by the host. At optimal temperature (22°C), they become infective in 12–14 days and remain infective for years in soil. Upon ingestion by a host, the embryonated eggs hatch into second-stage juveniles in the gizzard or duodenum, and are passed to the cecum. Their development is completed in the lumen, but some may enter the mucosa and remain for years without further development. The prepatent time is 24–30 days. Earthworms and houseflies are considered paratenic hosts, as they can ingest the egg in feces and a juvenile may hatch in tissues, which stays dormant until eaten by birds.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heterakis gallinarum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.